Chuck for holding tools and bars



March 25, 1924. 1,488,001

C. H. CLARE CHUCK FOR HOLDING TOOLS AND BARS I Filed Nov. 14. 1922 3 Sheets-Sheet 1,483,001 I C. H. CLARE CHUCK FOR HOLDING TOOLS AND BARS d 2 9 1 5 2 h v. m

Filed Nov. 14. 1922 :5 Sheets-Sheet 2 am-wm QM AT Y,

Patented ar. 25, 1924.

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: cnAn Es HENRY onnnn, or SALFOR-D, ENGLAND.

CHUCK FOR HOLDING TOOLS AND BARS.

Application filed November '14, 1922. Serial No. 600,826.

To aZZ whom it ma z concern:

Be it "known that I, CHARLns HENRY said nose encircling thesleeve, means being provided for-permitting and effecting, simultaneously, longitudinal movement between the shank and'the sleeve, between the shank and-the nose andqbet'ween the sleeve and nose on rotation of the one relatively to theother whereby the nose is adapted to engage and disengage the sleeve.- The longitudinal motion may be efi'ected by helical screws which may comprise one or more helically disposed ball races adapted to cf feet the forward or backward travel of the member 'ormembers on which they are disposed 'in the .manner of a screw thread.

Referring to the drawings filed herewith:

Fig. 1 is a sectionalelevation of one form of chuck made in. accordance with I this invention. 1; g l

Fig. 2 being an outside elevation of same.

Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view of Fig. 1.

Figs. 4 and 5are elevation and sectional plan of the sleeve.

Fig. 6 isa sectional elevation of a modified form' of chuck made in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 7 is an outside elevation.

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are views showing further modified forms. 7

Figs. 11 to Mare views showing further modified forms of sleeves.

Figs. 15 and 16 are plan'views of Figs. 12 and 13 respectively.

In Figs. 1 to 5, the shank a of the chuck is provided exteriorly with ahelical groove 1) in the direction of a right hand thread and interiorly with a left hand screw thread a, said shank being adapted to receive, interiorly thereof, a sleeve d having an exterior left handthread engaging the interior left hand thread of the tubular shank,

said sleeve having a tapered end provided with movable jaws (2 adapted to hold a tool and grooves 7 extending for a distance up- .wards from the-lower end of the sleeve.

9 is a nose having an interior helical groove It in the direction of a right hand thread and is fitted over the shank and encircles the sleeve, balls being disposed in the helical grooves b and it in the shank and the nose thus forming a helical ball race in the direction of a right hand thread whereby longitudinal movement of both is permitted relatively to the rotation of the one or the other. The nose is formed with an interiorly tapered face 70 adapted, on longitudinal movement between the nose and the sleeve, to engage and disengage the 1nov able jaws in the tapered end of the sleeve, and 1S also provided with threaded holes to recelve grub screws 17?. which engage the grooves f in the sleeve, whereby the sleeve moves instantly the nose or shank is rotated thereby effecting instantaneous longitudinal movement between the sleeve and the nose resulting in a more rapid grip on. and release of, the tool. A threaded plug (Z is provided in the top ofthe exterior-1y threadedshank to act as a stop for the sleeve d.

In operation, when a tool is placed in the chuck with its shank entering the sleeve d and the chuck is rotated as usual, on the drill coming in contact with the work to be drilled the statical friction between the drill and the work is suiiicient to restrain the drill against rotation, thereby likewise restraining the sleeve (Z and nose 9 against rotation which instantly causes longitudinal movement between the shank and the sleeve and the nose, the sleeve moving downwards and the nose upwards, resulting in the jaws 6 being closed tightly upon the tool by their coming in contact with the interiorly tapered face of the nose y whereupon the tool, the sleeve and the nose rotate along with the shank. The greater the resistance offered by the work to the tool in cutting, drilling or boring the more intense is the grip.

To relax the grip on the tool so that it may be withdrawn, the nose 9 is rotated in theforward direction at a quicker speed, for example, by a sharp glancing stroke of the hand, thus causing the nose 9 to move downwards and the sleeve cl upwards there by disengaging the jaws e, e from the interiorly tapered face 70 of the nose whereby the tool is released. 7

In Fig. 6, a is'the shank of-a chuck and provided with an exterior helical groove 12 in the direction of a left hand thread and an interior helical groove 0 in'the direction of a right hand thread. A sleeve (23 for holding a tool and having an exterior helical groove d in the direction of a right hand thread engages the interior of the shank a, balls (Z being disposed in the groove 0 and of to form a helical ball race thereby permitting longitudinal -movement between the sleeve and the shank on rotation of the one or the. other. The sleeve (Z has a conical outer end carrying movable jaws e, 6 pro- The sleeve also has a groove f extending upwards for a portion of its length. 9 is a nose having an interior helical groove h in the direction of a left hand thread, balls j being disposed in the grooves Z) and h forming a helical ball race and thereby permitting longitudinal movement between the shank and the nose on rotation of the one or the other. The nose g is also provided with an internal conical face 7: and with a screwed hole to receive a grub screw m which engages the groove f in the sleeve (Z. The upper end of the sleeve d may be thread- 7 ed interiorly to receive a threaded plug it to act as a stop for the tool to be held, or it may be solid as shown in Fig. 14 or it may be formed with a plain hole throughout its length as shown in Fig. 11. Further a slot may be provided in the threaded plug a as shown in Figs. 13 and 16 or in the sleeve itself as shown in Figs. 12 and 15 for engaging flats sometimes formed on the end of the tool.

g respectively with balls disposed therein,

are in the direction of a right hand thread, and the helical ball race formed by the grooves (Z and c in the sleeve and the shank respectively with balls (Z disposed therein are in the direction of a left hand thread;

Further, the sleeve (Z is split at intervals for a portion of its length, as shown in Figs. 8 and 10, and has a tapered end 0. The nose 9 also has av correspondingly tapered end p. The grub screw m shown in Fig. 6

is dispensed with.

In operation, the nose g'moves upwards longitudinally and the sleeve downwards,

the inclined face of the tapered end 72 thereby engaging the tapered end 0 of the split sleeve and causing it to close onto the tool and grip it.

In Fig. 9, the shank a and sleeve 03 are 6, the action in operationbeingprecisely the same as in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 10, the shank a and nose g are each provided with aright hand screwthread for effecting longitudinal movement between said shank and nose instead oft-he right hand helical grooves b and h shown in Fig. 8, the action in operation being precisely the same as in Fig; 8;

It will be understood that my improved chuck can be used either as anindependent device or form part of the spindle of a machine and in this connection it is very suitable for turret lathes. What I claim and desire to secure by-Iietters Patent is:

1. A rapidly operatingchuck' comprising interior of the tubular shank, anose or' ex terior sleeve having a helical engagement with the exterior of the tubularshank-op' posite in pitch from that of the 'sleeVe or" jaw holder, and means -for causinglthe-jaw holder or sleeve and the exterior sleeve or nose to rotate together whilepermittingreh ative longitudinal movement of-onewithrespect to the other. V

2. A rapidly operatingchuck comprising a tubular-shank or'spindle, a sleeve or'jaw':

holder having a helical engagement with-the interior of the "tubular shank, a nose orex terior sleeve having. a helical en agement with the exterior of the tubular: ShankF'op posite in pitch from thatof the sleeve for j aw holder, and means for causingthejaw holder or sleeve and the-exterior sleeveor nose to rotate together while permittin gi'el ative longitudinal movement of one wit respect to the other, said'means comprising grub screws carried in'the nose and-pro jecting into and engaging grooves inthe sleeve.

In'testimony whereof I have name to this specification.

CHARLES HENRY CLARE signed my 

